The Australian Museum Lord Howe Island Expedition 2017—Drosophilidae (Diptera)
Abstract
Twelve species of Drosophilidae (Diptera) have now been reported from Lord Howe Island in the Tasman Sea 600 km east of the Australian mainland. There are two endemic species: Scaptodrosophila howensis and an undescribed species of Leucophenga. Six species are peridomestic worldwide or widespread in the Australian Region. During the Australian Museum expeditions to the island in 2000–2002, 2009 and 2017, the number of species in the known fauna has doubled. The level of endemicity is less than the more isolated and larger Norfolk Island, which has 4 endemics (6 spp in total), New Caledonia has 35 endemics (52 in total). The number of Lord Howe Island species is a small fraction of the total fauna of Australia (278 spp), about 140 species occur at the same latitude (±2°) on the Australia mainland. The first high resolution micrographs of Mycodrosophila stigma, M. rosemaryae, Scaptodrosophila howensis, S. fungi, Dettopsomyia nigrovittata, Drosophila serrata and Drosophila busckii are published here for the first time.