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Metamorphism
https://australian.museum/learn/minerals/shaping-earth/metamorphism/The word metamorphism comes from Greek and means 'change of form'. Metamorphic rocks are pre-existing rocks whose mineral composition and/or texture has been changed by processes within the Earth.
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Magma
https://australian.museum/learn/minerals/shaping-earth/magma/Magma is hot molten mobile rock. Igneous rocks form when magma cools and solidifies. Magmas come out of active volcanoes as lavas.
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Soils
https://australian.museum/learn/minerals/shaping-earth/soils/Soils are made up of three layers and are thickest where they are older and in warm and wet environments.
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Volcanic rocks
https://australian.museum/learn/minerals/shaping-earth/volcanic-rocks/Volcanic rocks are divided into three main types: basaltic, volcaniclastic and pyroclastic.
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Crystallography
https://australian.museum/learn/minerals/what-are-minerals/crystallography/Minerals can be identified by the shape of their crystals: called crystallography. External crystallography measures the outside properties of crystals such as length of crystal surfaces and the angles between these surfaces.
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Meteors and Meteorites
https://australian.museum/learn/minerals/shaping-earth/meteors-and-meteorites/Solid pieces of extraterrestrial debris (meteoroids) can stray from their orbits in outer space and be captured by Earth's gravity.
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Classification of sedimentary rocks
https://australian.museum/learn/minerals/shaping-earth/classification-of-sedimentary-rocks/Sedimentary rocks are classified according to the predominant grain size present, as well as by their mineral content.
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The Sydney Basin
https://australian.museum/learn/minerals/shaping-earth/the-sydney-basin/The Sydney Basin is a major structural basin containing a thick Permian-Triassic (290 Ma - 200 Ma (million years old)) sedimentary sequence that is part of the much larger Sydney-Gunnedah-Bowen Basin.
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Types of metamorphism
https://australian.museum/learn/minerals/shaping-earth/types-of-metamorphism/There are several different types of metamorphism, including dynamic, contact, regional, and retrogressive metamorphism, that form and shape rocks.
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Concretions, Thunder Eggs and Geodes
https://australian.museum/learn/minerals/shaping-earth/concretions-thunder-eggs-and-geodes/Concretions are compact, often rounded, accumulations of mineral matter that form inside sedimentary rocks such as shale and sandstone or in soil.
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Tails from the Coasts
Special exhibition
On now![]()
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Burra
Permanent kids learning space
10am - 4.30pm![]()
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RELICS
Special Exhibition
Opens 16 August 2025![]()
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Minerals
Permanent exhibition
Open daily![]()
